In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of individuals being diagnosed with autism and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This rise in diagnoses has sparked various discussions and debates. In this article, we will explore the reasons behind the increase and shed light on why this can be viewed as a positive development.

1. Increased Awareness and Improved Diagnostic Practices

One of the key factors contributing to the rise in Autism and ADHD diagnoses is increased awareness and improved diagnostic practices. Thanks to greater access to information, mental health professionals, educators, and parents now better understand the traits associated with these neurotypes. This heightened awareness has led to more accurate and timely identification, allowing individuals to receive appropriate support and accommodations earlier in life.

In the past, many autistic individuals or those with ADHD may have gone undiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to a limited understanding of these neurotypes, mainly when they do not present in a stereotyped fashion. With the rise of social media and the ability for people to share their experiences through platforms such as Instagram and TikTok, many adults are sharing their experiences of being neurodivergent. This increased awareness has led to a spread of identification for adults who were otherwise (commonly) being treated for other mental health problems. Understanding enables earlier identification, leading to timely accommodations and support for individuals. The recognition and inclusion of individuals with atypical presentations have been crucial in capturing the diverse nature of autistic people. By broadening the diagnostic criteria, more individuals who previously went undiagnosed are now being identified and provided with appropriate support. This inclusive approach recognises that neurodiversity is a natural and valuable aspect of human variation.

Moreover, advancements in diagnostic tools and assessment methods have enhanced the accuracy of diagnoses and identifying neurodivergent people with "highly internalised"' or "high-masking" presentations. Generally speaking, those who do not have a co-occurring intellectual disability, and are female, have commonly flown under the radar, though we understand there are also many males and non-binary people who have also been missed due to non-stereotypical presentations.

The revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria in 2013 provided more straightforward guidelines for professionals to evaluate and diagnose autism and ADHD. What was previously considered "Aspergers Disorder", for example, no longer exists and has been replaced with autism. The expansion of the diagnostic criteria has played a significant role in the rise of autism and ADHD identification. Historically, the diagnostic criteria for these neurotypes were narrower, focusing on specific observable behaviours. This improved precision in diagnosis helps ensure that individuals receive appropriate support and interventions tailored to their particular needs.

2. Breaking Down Stigma and Promoting Acceptance

The rise in diagnoses has helped reduce some stigma surrounding Autism and ADHD. As more individuals receive accurate diagnoses, they are empowered to share their experiences, advocate for their needs, and contribute to public discussions. This increased visibility fosters understanding, empathy, and acceptance within society. By challenging stereotypes and promoting inclusivity, we create an environment that values the unique perspectives and abilities of neurodivergent individuals. It encourages communities, schools, workplaces, and healthcare systems to adapt and accommodate the unique needs of neurodivergent individuals, promoting a more equitable society.

In clinical practice, it is quite often parents of newly diagnosed neurodivergent children who are coming forward for assessment. Through having their children diagnosed, they are recognising similar traits within themselves that they may have dismissed for years due to the limited understanding of the nuances of autism and ADHD. For many, this has been life-changing. The ability to understand yourself and your natural tendencies, and to build supports and accomodations around them has helped many people improve their mental health and quality of life.

3. Access to Resources and Support

With the rise in diagnoses, there has been an increased demand for resources, services, accommodations in the workplace and school, and support systems tailored to the needs of neurodivergent individuals. Providing these necessary supports and accommodations empowers neurodivergent individuals to reach their full potential and lead fulfilling lives. There is a high percentage of neurodivergent individuals who are unemployed due to a lack of accessibility and accommodation. More knowledge about neurodiversity and the needs of neurodivergent individuals means that society can better accommodate them and increase their ability to participate.

4. Advances in Research and Understanding

The increase in diagnoses has fueled a surge of interest and investment in research related to autism and ADHD and a call for neurodivergent people to be part of the process of leading the research. Research advances enhance our knowledge and pave the way for more effective supports and accommodations tailored to neurodivergent people. Recent research has highlighted the importance of adapting our therapeutic approaches to better suit the neurodivergent person's natural tendencies to maximise its effect.

Through ongoing research, we can continue to improve the lives of neurodivergent individuals and promote their overall well-being. Research priorities no longer need to be about the cause of neurodivergence or how to 'treat it'; instead, a priority can become how to assist neurodivergent people in accessing vital supports and thrive with their neurotype. We are focusing on how to improve the environment to make it more accessible for the neurodivergent person, not how to 'fix' the neurodivergence.

Advancements in research also shed light on the strengths and unique abilities of neurodivergent individuals. For instance, studies have highlighted their exceptional attention to detail, creativity, divergent thinking, and problem-solving skills. By recognising and celebrating these strengths, society can harness the talents of neurodiverse individuals and promote their contributions in various fields, such as technology, arts, and sciences. Ongoing research endeavors further contribute to destigmatising neurodiversity, challenging harmful stereotypes, and developing evidence-based strategies to enhance the well-being and quality of life of neurodivergent individuals.

Conclusion: The rise in autism and ADHD diagnoses reflects a positive shift in society's understanding and acceptance of neurodiversity. Increased awareness and improved diagnostic practices have led to more accurate identification and early intervention. This, in turn, has reduced stigma, increased access to resources and support, and fueled advancements in research. By embracing neurodiversity and celebrating the unique strengths and talents of neurodivergent individuals, we create a more inclusive and compassionate society that values the diversity of human minds.